Why 60% of Transformations Fail — and How to Beat the Odds
Change is inevitable. Growth is optional. What’s your move?
Change is inevitable — growth is a choice. Even if we did nothing, organisations change over time. Markets shift, technology evolves, and organisations face constant pressure to adapt. Meanwhile, people age, learn, and transform by nature. So, the question isn’t whether change will happen, but whether we invest in it to grow. And growth? That’s never easy.
Transforming yourself is tough. Transforming others is tougher. But shifting an entire organisation — with its people, systems, and culture? That feels near impossible.
The challenge is significant — roughly 60% of transformations fail. Leaders often miscalculate the effort needed, overestimate their organisation’s readiness, and misunderstand how people truly connect to change.
Yet, with the right investment in the transformation journey, success is within reach. This is where Organisational Development comes in — a deliberate effort to steer the organisation toward meaningful, intentional improvement.
In this article, I’ll break down the essentials:
- Why organisational assessments matter
- How to create the right climate for change
- The role of leadership, direction and organisational structure
- How change management models bring it all together
Let’s explore how they unlock transformation success.
Organisational Assessments: The First Step in Your Transformation Journey
Before navigating change, you need to know where you stand. Think of it like plotting a course — you can’t map the path without a starting point. An organisational assessment provides that clarity.
By evaluating your current state, you establish a baseline, uncover challenges, and identify strengths and weaknesses. It’s an objective lens — free from internal biases — that reveals what’s really happening. While self-assessments are possible, they’re tricky; seeing oneself clearly is hard. This is where external expertise brings sharper insight.
The process includes scoping the evaluation, interviewing stakeholders, and analysing various key factors — such as financials, employee surveys, organisational charts, system architecture, task management tools, and process maps — among other critical elements. Subject matter experts add depth, ensuring the findings steer you toward a bold, valuable future. Many firms offer tailored frameworks to fit organisational needs.
For example, at Netlight, we assess key areas such as Direction, Leadership, People & Culture, Product, and Tech to help organisations gauge their maturity and shape a clear vision for organisational transformation.
To take a real-life example, Microsoft’s transformation under Satya Nadella in 2014 highlights the stakes. Taking over a siloed, stagnant giant, Nadella identified a “know-it-all” culture stifling innovation. By shifting to a “learn-it-all” mindset and betting on cloud growth, he turned Microsoft into a trillion-dollar leader. Whether through formal assessments or deep introspection, understanding your starting point reveals challenges and opportunities, laying the foundation for a bold vision ahead.
How to Create a Climate for Successful Change
Any transformation will face resistance — employees clinging to old workflows or leaders doubting the need. Kotter says 75%+ management support is crucial to driving transformation. So, the assessment helps create urgency, letting you craft a compelling “why” that secures the buy-in needed for change. You can tackle doubts head-on by showing the cost of inaction — the “cost of remaining the same” — and rallying a coalition to embark on a transformation journey.
Once you’ve created that sense of urgency, the next step is a clear vision. A strong vision gives everyone purpose and direction, aligning the team to move forward together. Without it, progress can stall due to misalignment and divergent priorities. For instance, Microsoft’s transformation under Satya Nadella succeeded because he created a unified vision for cloud and collaboration, which shifted the company from stagnation to dominance.
Without a clear, well-communicated, and well-understood vision, your organisation is just running on a treadmill — busy but stuck.
This is where the importance of leadership comes in. Kotter stresses the need for a guiding coalition — committed leaders who drive the vision forward. Research backs this up: transformations are 2.6 times more likely to succeed with strong leadership, though failure rates hover around 60% when buy-in falters. In 2021, only 35% of global companies met their digital transformation targets, slightly up from 30% in 2020, according to BCG (2021).
If leaders don’t support the vision and strategy, the effort will fail. Leadership coaching can improve employee retention, align goals, and foster long-term change. Without it, blind spots — such as resistance or misalignment — will fester.
Balancing Leadership, Structure, and Vision for Successful Transformation
A clear vision and strong leaders require a solid backbone: your organisational structure. Assess communication flows, decision-making processes, team setups, and dependencies — do your teams have defined roles, the right skills, and the resources to deliver?
Smooth workflows are non-negotiable. Ensure capabilities align with the vision, syncing strategy, structure, and systems. Flow engineering methods like Value Stream Mapping and Team Topologies can pinpoint bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and roadblocks, optimising processes efficiently.
Transformation isn’t just about direction, leadership, or organisational structure — it’s the interplay of these three critical elements. Think of them as a triangle, with each side supporting the others. Microsoft balanced all three to launch its cloud era, while Nokia’s rigid structure caused its downfall.
As a Finn, I can’t help but reflect on Nokia’s failure — a powerful reminder of how a siloed structure can derail even a giant. Its inability to pivot to smartphones by 2013 cost it its mobile lead. Microsoft’s acquisition of Nokia’s phone business in 2014 also faltered due to poor integration and a misread market, leading to a costly write-off.
In contrast, under Nadella, Microsoft’s agile structure pivoted to cloud success. This shows why transformation needs owners — managers or coaches — to balance the triangle: strong leadership fuels vision, clear direction steers efforts, and solid structure powers execution. If any falters — wobbly leaders, vague goals, or under-resourced teams — the whole thing crashes, risking company and change alike.
Driving Transformation: The Power of Change Management Models and Support
Successful transformation relies on both structure and human buy-in, and organisational assessments ensure they align. These assessments identify where processes, structures, and people are in sync or out of step, providing leaders with the insights needed to guide change.
Change management models, whether process- or people-focused, offer frameworks to execute transformation. Models like Kotter’s Eight-Step and ADKAR provide valuable approaches, but the key is integrating both to address the practical and emotional aspects of change.
Process-focused models, like Kotter’s, offer structured roadmaps, from creating urgency to embedding new behaviors. People-focused models, like ADKAR, ensure employees are engaged, building awareness, desire, and reinforcement to sustain change.
Even with these models, transformation demands ongoing support. Training, coaching, and a dedicated transformation team are vital to maintaining momentum. Without them, organisations risk “organisational debt” — turnover, burnout, and lost customers — that undermines long-term success.
Neglect transformation, and it’s like riding a rusty bike: you might reach your goal, but it’s slow and painful. Support and reinforcement keep the wheels turning smoothly, driving efficient and effective transformation.
Conclusion: Transformation is a Journey, Not a Destination
Transformation isn’t a one-off event — it’s an ongoing journey that involves continuous organisational development. Organisational assessments map the starting line, a clear vision sets the course, and robust leadership and change management steer the way, and it all needs a working org structure.
It requires hard work, persistence, and the awareness of everything it takes to transform. By investing in that change, you choose to grow. Will you be a Microsoft, thriving through vision and agility, or a Nokia, buried by missed signals?
As change is inevitable and growth is optional, what’s your move? The time to start is now — let’s shape the future together and turn your transformation vision into reality.
About the Author
Kevin has played a key role in major digital transformation projects in Finnish pension insurance, focusing on agile transformation and organisational development. With extensive experience working with multicultural teams across Europe and India, he excels in managing and collaborating in diverse environments.
Kevin has also contributed to building high-performing teams in quantum computing in Finland and in the e-charging and aviation sectors in Germany, driving innovation and operational excellence. As a Team Topologies advocate, he leverages his expertise to drive impactful change.
Connect with Kevin to discover how his skills in agile methodologies, organisational development, and coaching can enhance your organisation’s performance. He is based in Munich and works across Germany.
You can reach him via:
About Netlight
Netlight is an IT and Management consultancy company renowned for its unique commitment to an open and collaborative atmosphere. The organisation’s extensive network of skilled professionals, spread across various global hubs, positions it as a top choice for addressing complex IT challenges. With a distinct expertise in leveraging cutting-edge technologies, Netlight excels in crafting innovative, scalable, and practical solutions.
At Netlight, we build high-performing, healthy organisations that achieve strategic goals. We assess, strategise, and implement sustainable improvements, seamlessly integrating with other services. From optimising operations to fostering continuous learning, we equip you to thrive in a rapidly changing world.
Sources
- Carucci, HBR, 2021: “How Leaders Get in the Way of Organizational Change” by Ron Carucci. Harvard Business Review. Link
- Blank, Forbes, 2015: “Organizational Debt Is Like Technical Debt — But Worse” by Steve Blank. Forbes. Link
- The Hindu Business Line, 2024: “How Satya Nadella Transformed Microsoft in 10 Years” by Staff Writer. The Hindu Business Line. Link
- Kotter, HBR, 2007: “Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail” by John P. Kotter. Harvard Business Review. Link
- McKinsey: “What successful transformations share.” McKinsey & Company. Link
- McKinsey, 7-S Framework: “Enduring Ideas: The 7-S Framework.” McKinsey & Company. Link
- Prosci, ADKAR, n.d.: “ADKAR Model Overview.” Prosci. Link
- Singh, 2023: “10 Reasons Why Nokia Failed After Enjoying Unrivaled Dominance” by Aditya Singh. StartupTalky. Link
- BCG, 2021: “Performance and Innovation Are the Rewards of Digital Transformation.” Boston Consulting Group. Link
